苏教版初中七年级英语知识点总结

【导语:】知识点是⽹络课程中信息传递的基本单元,研究知识点的表⽰与关联对提⾼⽹络课程的学习导航具有重要的作⽤。下⾯是小编为您整理的苏教版初中七年级英语知识点总结，欢迎⼤家查阅。

  1、名词

  A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,⽽不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词

却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下：

  ⼀)在后⾯加 s.以辅⾳字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, com

edy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

  ⼆)以元⾳字母加y结尾的直接加s.如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

  四)以o结尾加s(外来词).如：radios, photos, 但如是辅⾳加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃

薯

  五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s).如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves,

yourself-yourselves

  六)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer⿅⼦, Chinese, Japanese

  七)⼀般只有复数,没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

  ⼋)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成

员

  九)合成的复数⼀般只加主要名词,多数为后⼀个单词.如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pa

ls; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数.如：man doctor-men doctors, woman te

acher-women teachers

  ⼗)有的单复数意思不同.如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷⼦,论⽂, work⼯作 works作

品,⼯⼚, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔⼦⽔ oranges橙⼦, light光线 lights灯, people⼈ peoples民

族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡⾁ chickens ⼩鸡

  ⼗⼀) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s.如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s).但如是缩略词则只加s.如：ID

s, VCDs, SARs

  ⼗⼆) 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-pol

icemen, Englishman-Englishmen

  B)名词的格

  当我们要表⽰某⼈的什么东西或⼈时,我们就要使⽤所有格形式.构成如下：

  ⼀)单数在后⾯加’s.如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

  ⼆)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数⼀样处理.如：Teachers’ Day教师节, clas

ates’; Children’s Day六⼀节, Women’s Day三⼋节

  三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同⼀⼈或物时,只加最后⼀个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单

数形式处理.如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住⼀间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(

各⾃的房间)

  2、代词项⽬

  ⼈称代词

  物主代词

  指⽰代词

  反⾝代词⼈称

  主格

  宾格

  形容词

  名词性第⼀⼈称

  单数 I me my mine myself

  复数 we us our ours ourselves

  第⼆⼈称

  单数 you you your yours yourself

  复数 you you your yours yourselves

  第三⼈称

  单数 she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself

  复数 they them their theirs these those themselvs

  3、动词

1. A) 第三⼈称单数当动词是第三⼈称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下：

  ⼀)⼀般在词后加s.如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

  ⼆)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es.如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes

  三)1)以辅⾳字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es.如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2)以元⾳字母加y结

尾的直接加s.如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

  四)以o结尾加es.如：does, goes

  五)特殊的有：are-is, have-has

1. B) 现在分词

  当我们说某⼈正在做什么事时,动词要使⽤分词形式,不能⽤原形,构成如下：

  ⼀)⼀般在后加ing.如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hur

rying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

  ⼆)以不发⾳e的结尾的去掉e再加ing.如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practici

ng, write-writing, have-having

  三)以重读闭⾳节结尾且⼀个元⾳字母+⼀个辅⾳字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-dra

wing)要双写最后的辅⾳字母再加ing.如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginnin

g

  四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing.如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

  4、形容词的级

  我们在对两个或以上的⼈或物进⾏对⽐时,则要使⽤⽐较或级形式.构成如下：

  ⼀) ⼀般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st).如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, talle

r –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest

  ⼆)以重读闭⾳节结尾且1个元⾳字母+1个辅⾳字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾

的辅⾳再加er /est.如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

  三) 以辅⾳字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est.如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-f

riendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

  四)特殊情况：(两好多坏,⼀少⽼远) good/well-better best,many/much-more most,bad/ill-worse worst

,little-less least,old-older/elder oldest/eldest,far-farther/further farthest/furthest

  5、数词

  (基变序,有规则;⼀、⼆、三,⾃⼰背;五、⼋、九、⼗⼆;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去.) first, seco

nd, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-forti

eth, ninety-ninetieth